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Open access (OA) refers to content that is made freely available online.
While the traditional subscription model of publishing restricts access to content, open access works on the premise that publicly funded research should be publicly available. Scholarly open access journals comply with well-established peer-review processes and maintain high publishing standards. Open access publishing therefore removes barriers to access and reuse without sacrificing quality.
Pathways to open access for Massey researchers may include:
- depositing a version of an article already published elsewhere to Massey Research Online (MRO) or another repository
- paying an article processing charge (APC) to a journal publisher
- having the APC waived under a 'Read and Publish' agreement
It’s always wise, whether choosing a traditional or open access publisher, to check for fraudulent publishers (see Choosing a publisher).
Open access publishing models
Repository-based, self-archiving or green
In repository-based, self-archiving or green open access, the author publishes their article in any journal then places a version of their article in any open access specialist or institutional repository.
Massey's institutional repository is Massey Research Online (MRO). See details below.
Publishers do not usually charge a fee for green open access archiving but may impose an embargo period. The publisher may also set conditions on which version of the article may be made available.
To find out the green (or self-archiving) conditions for a journal, check the publisher’s website for their latest copyright policy.
Sherpa Romeo aggregates and analyses publisher open access policies:
Search the Directory of open access repositories to find potential repositories:
Directory of Open Access Repositories (OpenDOAR)
Journal-based or gold
In journal-based or gold open access publishing, the publisher makes the article available on its website. Gold open access publishing usually involves a fee called an article processing charge (APC). APCs vary widely between publishers and journals.
If you wish to make your work open access through the gold model, you will need to arrange payment of the APC. Note that:
- the library is not funded to pay APCs for Massey University researchers
- many publishers waive the APC under the read and publish agreements - see details below
- some publishers offer a discount on the APC - see details below
Some journals are only funded via APCs and are not part of library subscriptions; others are ‘hybrid’. This means the library pays a subscription and academics may choose to pay an APC to make the article open (both the library and the author pay).
Non-commercial or diamond
These are free for readers to access and free for authors to publish in. Diamond journals are often community-driven and are supported by institutions or other national or regional infrastructure
Find out which journals are open access
Search the Directory of open access journals to find out which journals are open access:
Directory of open access journals (DOAJ)
Search the Directory of open access books to find open access book publishers:
Massey Research Online – Massey’s open access repository
Massey Research Online (MRO) contains the research outputs of Massey University staff, as well as theses from Massey’s higher research degree students.
Massey staff can deposit their research publications into MRO using Massey’s publications management tool Elements.
Follow these steps:
- deposit the author accepted manuscript (also known as the post print) with the publisher’s version of the output
- librarians will check the publisher’s copyright policy for rights to deposit and distribute
- enter an open access location link if freely available elsewhere on the web.
Read and publish agreements
Read and publish agreements provide a way to get journal-based or gold open access without researchers being charged. The library pays the publisher an annual fee so that:
- Massey staff and students can read the journals
- Massey researchers can have their articles made freely and openly available to anyone (open access) without having to pay APCs.
If you would like to publish your article in a journal covered by Massey’s read and publish agreements, you must use a Massey email address in your submission to the journal.
Massey is currently party to agreements with the following publishers and the CAUL (Council of Australian University Librarians) consortium. Find out more about the CAUL read and publish agreements.
We recommend you:
- Check the journal title you’re interested in is included on the list of titles. You can filter by institution (note Massey is not included in some agreements), publisher, journal type, etc, or search for keywords and journal titles.
- Check your work is one of the eligible article types.
- Carefully read information for authors for each agreement, each time you prepare to submit.
- Look for any extra charges, such as colour and page fees, which aren't covered by the agreements.
- Be aware of capped agreements, where the number of articles is limited and may be reached in the last few months of the year. When the limit is reached, APC waivers no longer apply, though some publishers may offer a discounted APC. Check with the publisher.
Massey's read and publish agreements
- AIP Publishing
- American Psychological Association (APA)
- Cambridge University Press
- Canadian Science Publishing
- The Company of Biologists
- CSIRO Publishing
- Elsevier
- Emerald
- MA Healthcare
- Microbiology Society
- Oxford University Press
- Portland Press
- The Royal Society
- SAGE
- Springer Nature
- Taylor and Francis
- Wiley and Hindawi
Discounted APCs
Some publishers offer a discount on the APCs to Massey researchers.
This may be due to the cap being reached on a read and publish agreement. Other publishers offer discounts based on various factors.
Check with the publisher to see whether you are eligible for any discounts as a Massey researcher.
Benefits of open access publishing
Open access benefits you as a researcher by increasing the reach and impact of your research. It also benefits others, including
- practitioners
- journalists
- the general public.
The benefits of open access include:
- more exposure for your work
- higher citation rates
- it’s compliant with grant rules
- practitioners can apply your findings
- researchers worldwide can see your work
- your research can influence policy
- the public can access your findings
- taxpayers get value for money.

Why open access? by Danny Kingsley & Sarah Brown is licensed under CC BY 4.0
Open access toolkit for Aotearoa New Zealand researchers
Our toolkit is designed to guide you through the process of making your journal articles open access. It is split into five stages of publishing:
- planning your research
- selecting a journal
- submitting your manuscript
- acceptance
- after publication.
Creative Commons licensing
Creative Commons provides free and easy-to-use licences that help people share their copyright works for reuse by others, on terms the authors choose.
The licences are legally robust, and work within the boundaries of copyright law. Authors retain copyright while allowing others to make some use of their work. Authors also get the credit for their work because attribution is a requirement under all the licences.
When considering a Creative Commons licence, ask yourself whether you:
- wish to allow your work to be changed and adapted
- want to limit how people release their remixes
- wish to allow people to make money out of their reuse.
Six Creative Commons licences mix and match the points listed above. Creative Commons provides a tool that helps you select the appropriate licence.

Creative Commons licences explained
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